The movements we make with the Four Kinds each day of Sukkot are a meditation on bringing our emotions into balanced harmony. The four directions help to explain how we do that. Our emotions move in us like water, flowing through our lives, sometimes calm and sometimes turbulent, but always flowing. But it is through the understanding of the symbolic meanings of the four elements that we deepen our understanding of the four directions. The creation story in the Bible asserts the same thing. When you act on illuminated thoughts (represented by the south), you reinforce it by acting upon it and sending the energy back into the subconscious mind which is represented by the north. It is the direction of inspiration the word that literally means to take in air. When sacred space is created, the veils between the physical and spiritual worlds begin to thin and transformation ensues. You create good luck or bad luck (evil) as a result. Light your sage (or other herbs) on fire and then fan the smoke with your feather around your body and anyone else in your space. An epithet in the Cathedral of Paris dedicated to the Mass of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin reads: The Lord possessed me at the beginning of his way. Affiliated with the GW Center for Integrative Medicine, we collaborate with individuals to explore all aspects of their lives for healthier and more complete living. This makes sense when you consider freemasons walk in an anti-clockwise direction during, and Hindus follow a counter-clockwise circumambulation around the pyre during. In Shamanic traditions, the west is associated with Spirit Keeper of Death. In many traditions, the four directions offer a deeper understanding of our place in the world. However, I believe taking an anti-clockwise route explains the process better than taking a clockwise route - based on the principles of how the mind works. Because time and energy move in cycles there are always new beginnings. May I have eyes as sharp as yours, so I am able to see truth and hope on the path I have chosen. These four sacred directions also correspond to the four natural elements; ( Earth, Water, Fire, Air ), and depending on the tradition, tend to vary in their correlation. We know water is consciousness. When a thought enters your mind, it creates a spark, a neuron fires and becomes wired in your conscious mind. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. When God began to create heaven and earththe earth being unformed and void, with darkness over the surface of the deep and a wind from God sweeping over the waterGod said, Let there be light.. The Medicine Wheel is a symbol that incorporates the four directions. And they could not be further from the truth. Directions The Cardinal Directions are another characteristic of the Divine Universe that connects us all with nature and spirit. In relation to consciousness, what you cannot see are the aspects of your true nature that is in your unconscious. The Wonderful, Magical, Be Here Now Guru, Mahavatar Babaji: The Eternal, Holy Master of Kriya Yoga, 7 Things That May Block Your Spirit Guides, How to Use the Chinese Magic Square The Lo Shu, Ramakrishna and Sarada Devi: Spiritual Ecstasy, Love and Vedanta, The Minor Arcana: How Numbers and Elements Give Tarot Meaning, Aleister Crowley's Thoth Tarot: An Esoteric Primer, The Fourth Key to Ascension: Spiritual Practice, Ascension Key One: The Origin of the Great Work, Connecting with Our Personal Mother Goddess. It is also the beginning of understanding because light helps us see things the way they really are. The same elements found in the microcosm of man are also present in the Universe, the macrocosm of everything in existence. Copyright 1996-2023 Unitarian Universalist Association.All Rights Reserved. Liberation from suffering. Thank you for todays sunrise, for the breath and life within me, and for all of your creations. We provide suggestions for future directions, with accompanying online materials to encourage such research . It is this philosophy from which the much-quoted axiom, as above, so below is derived. As our Mother, the Earth has shown us much patience in our greed and thoughtlessness, but we now know better. We acknowledge the Thunderbird, who sits in the South and puts his thunder in the storms. Give me wisdom so I am able to make wise choices in all things which are put in front of me, And when time for my change of worlds has come, Let me go peacefully, without regrets, for the things I neglected to do as I walked along my path. May I take great care of you so that my children and my childrens children In fact, the mycelia of the mushroom intertwine with the roots of the tree in a mycorrhizal relationshipin this case, a positive symbiosis. Awakening physical and spiritual energies. Because time and energy move in cycles there are always new beginnings. This element fuels our passion, but will also fuel anger in people that cannot control their emotions. Often, smudging involves a four-direction ceremony. Water can be tranquil or it can be fierce, and when left unattended becomes stagnant and polluted. . Mental states cannot appear in the conscious mind until they have emerged from the unconscious and becomes a realisation in the conscious mind. This is the time of year trees and plants shed their leaves, and nature essentially dies. Remind of how to live with impeccability Now, I invite you to turn toward the direction that calls to you today. As you explore what each direction represents, you will find tools that improve your relationship with and understanding of Animal Spirits and Guides. I feel very grateful to have felt at a deeper energetic level the power of the four directions. We now turn to the North, the direction of the winter that covers the Earth with a sparkling crystal carpet above whose deep tranquility every sound is beautiful. Here we see the cycle of energy and life. . Mindfulness is the basic human ability to be fully present, aware of where we are and what we're doing, and not overly reactive or overwhelmed by what's going on around us. So I tried that. This state of stillness is when you are most receptive to your higher conscious Self. Sati means "to dwell in mindfulness," that is, the practitioner remains aware of everything taking place in his body, feelings, mind, and objects of mind the four establishments of mindfulness, or awareness. The place of self or the sacred fire of the self which is the center of all paths. Mother Earth, Thank you for your beauty, And for all you have given me. This path draws information you need to know from your unconscious and enables you to change your habitual thinking and behaviours. Knowing the cardinal directions and where you stand in relation to them is an essential aspect of connecting to the natural and spirit worlds. The direction of the South is about the work we do in the world, the love we offer the world; it is about our passions and our purpose. The Reiki Lifestyle Podcast is for all members of the Reiki community, lineages, and levels of training! Traditions such as the ancient druids of Northern Europe, shamans in the Americas, Asian sages, Indian yogis and African witchdoctors all use the four directions for symbolic purposes. https://www.uua.org/files/includes/snippet-important-message.txt. How to teach the four directions: Here is a game you can play to help your students remember the directions. Nor does it make any sense to create symbolic mechanisms to reflect these aspects of life. I have placed a comfortable chair looking directly out that window. I am blessed currently to live in a home with windows that face the Sangre de Cristo mountain range. Meaning of Cardinal Directions. I pray for my relations in Nature, all those who walk, crawl, fly, and swim, seen and unseen, and to the good spirits that exist in every part of Creation. Gently close your eyes. Lightness. But water, by its very nature, is also destructive, thus associated with death and rebirth. Not just sweet Rain, but also the powerful Thunderbeings. The unconscious is typically described as emptiness, nothingness, the void or the Abyss. Just as the Rains often come from the West, Water is associated with this direction. This is a continuation of Susan's last 8 med. The Worshipful Master is the highest honour of a Masonic Lodge, thus the east represents mastery - the ultimate goal. * The opportunity to begin each day anew is an incredible gift that each one of us has. This ceremony will acknowledge the seven sacred directions. Likewise, air can also be chaotic, destructive and uncontrollable - much like the runaway mind that cannot be silenced. The question here is what came first - the chicken or . This is an active form of meditation where the movement guides you into a deeper connection with your body and the present moment. Water can be so soft you barely feel its touch, or so powerful it knocks you over. By honouring all of these directions, we will have honoured all that is. On a deeper level, the appearance of the sun also relates to illumination - shining light on places that were once in darkness. The Medicine Wheel can take many different forms. Whenever you bring awareness to what you . The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. During the research for this article, I noticed that other commentators on this subject sometimes provide the same meanings for west and east - most notably new beginnings. Certain plants give up their lives so that we can use their smoke for prayers and cleansing. Become taller on the in breath and relax around good alignment on the out-breath. As each day passes, help me to surrender, with grace, the things of my youth. . The Queen of the South here is referring to the solar plexus chakra which is just below the heart chakra. Clear your space of clutter and mess and open up windows and curtains and allow for clean air to enter. You start this process through meditation, prayer or making a wish. We now look downward upon Turtle Island, our source of life. But all energy transforms and has an opposite - good or positive energy. A "prayer to the four directions" is a bit of a misnomer because just about every version I've seen involves calling out to the spirits of at least six directions: the four cardinal directions, up to the heavens, down to Earth, and sometimes even back to the center of the self. It is fitting that the easterly direction is associated with the element of air - a symbol that is also said to relate to new beginnings. We ask that we always remain aware that we are all interconnected in the web of life, for there are too many who are blind to this fact. With honor I greet you, Face the east with one arm up and the other palm open to receive, To the Winds of the East Our Teepees were round like the nests of birds and these were always set in a circle, the nations hoop, a nest of many nests where the Great Spirit meant for us to hatch our children. from Black Elk Speaks, pp. for transformation. The element of the North is earth, represented here by some dirt from our very own garden. There is no doubt that the direction of the north represents darkness, emptiness, or nothingness and eternity. As we look upon the days infinite blue sky, or admire the countless stars of the night, we are reminded that the Great Spirit is vast, beautiful and majestic beyond all of our knowing or telling. Give me a beautiful color, give me a great sky for setting, so that when it is my time to meet you, I can come with glory. This is a continuation of Susan's last 8 meditations which can be heard by clicking below, but it can also be enjoyed on its own.1. Though it can be deadly when consumed improperly, some cultures eat it for sustenance after boiling away its toxins. This journey will be a reconnection to the subtler, potent Earth energies. It is also the place of embodiment, of connecting with our physical self, with the concrete, tangible world around us. What is important to remember is that the subconscious mind behaves to the patterns of your conscious thoughts. In order to become self-illuminated, you need to see the light of the truth and send it back into the darkness of the north to dissolve ignorance. Esoteric symbolism can be used as a useful tool for self-realisation. There is Healing in the washing clean that comes with Water. Sometimes sacrifices have to be made. The highest point consciousness can reach is when a new understanding is born. And never let me be burdened with sorrow by not starting over again. We invite all Eastern spirits of good intent to join us in our ceremony today. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Four Protective Meditations (caturarakkha bhavana) in Theravada Buddhism By Dr. Ari Ubeysekara Introduction The path leading to the cessation of suffering, Nibbana, as discovered by Lord Gautama Buddha is known as the Noble Eight-fold Path (ariya atthangika magga) or the Middle path (majjhima patipada). It is the circle of life and all creation. Ancient cultures teach us to allow consciousness to guide you because it will lead you to Self-realisation. The four quarters are colored red, yellow, black, and white representing the races of man, the seasons, and the stages of life from childhood to old age. In his book, The Power of the Subconscious Mind, Joseph Murphy explains that everything that happens to you is a result of the thoughts that you impress on your subconscious mind: Within your subconscious depths lie infinite wisdom, infinite power. If you look at these clinical trials right now, all of them, without any exception, use music as part of the therapy model. Or is it the south when the sun is at its highest point in the sky..? Spirit Keeper of the West, Brown Bear, Be with me. One of the fundamental aspects of the earth element is the potential for transformation. However, the west wind is also associated with lightning - a symbol that connects heaven and earth or the ethereal realm with the physical realm. Later, I will explain how I interpret this symbolism differently. Furthermore, in ancient symbolism, the element of water is associated with the female principle, a Goddess in many guises which represents love-based emotions, dedication and nurturing. According to Sagarmal Jain, it aims to reach and remain in a state of "pure-self awareness or knowership." Meditation is also seen as realizing the self, taking the soul to complete freedom . Make me courageous when the cold wind falls upon me. The Freemasons associate north with darkness, which in turn is symbolic for ignorance. Help me to remember to love and feel compassion for all mankind. Shamanic tribes relate the west with new awareness.. At first glance, analysing the symbolic meanings of the north from exoteric interpretations, there appears to be some discrepancy. Ancient Ones 23a Kapetan Misina, Stari Grad, Belgrade, Serbia, 11158. Consider the West (the setting sun) and the color black. This is to acknowledge and appease the elements Consider creating an altar representing each direction. Do your best to slow down your thoughts and be open to the wisdom the four directions have for you. Conscious thoughts, therefore, arise in the east and take a clockwise direction until they return back to the subconscious mind in the north. Your Souls Sense of Touch: Are You Coming to Your Senses? Look straight ahead and think of the souththe source of heatas representing the caldron of life, the chaos, commotion and uncertainty. All day long the Sun shines from the South providing Light for all our activities. This is why it is linked with the element of water - because all life comes from water. August 31, 2022 00:37; Updated; Dr Joe's Four Hour Pineal Gland Meditation has not been recorded for purchase and is only practiced at Advanced Retreats. The number four corresponds to rootedness, solidity, containment, and giving grounded structure to spiritual and creative inspirations. Although nothing is certain, the earth element, and its correspondence with the root chakra, gives us grounding and stability. May the four winds carry blessings far and wide. ________________________________________________________________________. When a newly entered initiate first joins the temple, he is made to stand in the north-east corner of the temple which, incidentally, is also the corner upon which the cornerstone is laid. It is in the subconscious mind where you personal programs are updated. East - Ha'a'aah. The animal often associated with the North is the Buffalo. Audio recording of my daily prayer to the four directions. tai chi. Because I am now working part-time I have the time to slow down and be fully present and connected to these energies that are available at all times but . It is said that the smoke attaches itself to those things within us that are negative, and will carry these things away, if we allow it. Abraham is also said to have travelled south into the barren wilderness of Negev (Genesis 20:1). Blessed be this union with the gifts . We see this same principle in the Bible. And it is in the symbolic north where energy begins and ends its cyclical journey. When I faced the East, I felt the power of the Sunrise and of New Beginnings. In meditation, when you ask your higher consciousness to reveal your Truth, the answer typically appears as a responding thought or in a vision. And West is about the power of going within, hibernating, Dreaming, Healing. Just remember, the west relates to the subconscious mind which produces life (from its waters). When I imagined sitting on that mountain facing South, I felt the power of Sun shining on my face. When I faced the North, I felt the lack of Sun. While the Medicine Wheel varies by culture . This is how most people live their lives without even realising they are creating their own experiences. The northerly direction is also associated with the element of Earth which shares similar symbolic motifs. Fly high as you carry my prayers to the Creator. Reduced stress. But m. ore about that later. In order for us to improve our quality of life, we have to evolve by gaining knowledge and wisdom. The south is traditionally associated with growth, or as I pointed out earlier, transformation. Brain imaging technology shows the brain is active whilst we sleep thus the subconscious mind is still sending signals to the brain. Upset Indigo or Crystal Children? Fire is also considered a negative element because of the danger it poses if allowed to get out of control. The chief and Worshipful Master of the lodge sit in the east. Other traditions relate the west to a time when you have to look within and observe what is happening in your life. Members of Masonic orders enter a lodge in the north-east. Help me to walk my path with joy and love for myself, for others, for the four legged, the winged ones, the plants and all creation upon Mother Earth. The Medicine Wheel, or Wheel of Life, is represented by the four directions. Fire is also associated with strength, activity and the life-force that provides us with the courage and motivation we sometimes need to head into new experiences with confidence. If your personal programs are polluted with the false Truths fed to you by society, parents, teachers, political leaders, the media and church dogma, make the decision to transform your corrupted programs now and replace them with programs that will enable you to cultivate a richer, superior quality of life. How to use the Symbolism of the Four Directions for Self-Development. Wisdom of the Four Directions Apprenticeship includes 5 months of one-on-one mentorship, including 1 & 1/2 hour weekly individual mentorship & teaching sessions including energy healing techniques with recordings, seperate sound healing audios and guided meditations designed for apprentices only, a 200+ page resource manual with educational . When Adam and Eve were dismissed they headed east in search of a new home. In China, the four date back to at least the 2nd century BC. Until then, you must follow the anti-clockwise route, look within and find the next missing piece of your emotional puzzle. West comes before east. We ask the Grandmothers and Grandfathers of the South to bring us the warm winds of compassion, whose fragrance speaks of distant springs and summer days, to melt the ice that can gather around our hearts, dissolve our fears, melt our hatreds, and kindle our love into flames of true and living realities. It is the place of our Elders and our Ancestors. East: Air, breath and inspiration. Birds make their nests in circles, for theirs is the same religion as ours. Get it as soon as Monday, Jan 9. The color is white. These angels are known as the "Archangels of the Four Directions" or "Four Corners" or "Four Winds". Tell the children you May your kindness abound like hydrogen, which fuels every star. ", Following the counter-clockwise sequence of the Wheel of four Directions, the north-west would be the point where consciousness begins its descent into the mind of man. The creation story in the Bible asserts the same thing. The Seal of Solomon, composed of two interlocking triangles, represents the merging and balancing of male and female, positive and negative energies. In terms of self-development, Death is often a positive symbol. Ancient cultures of the world, in tune with the cycles of the seasons and the stars, knew how to orient themselves if lost and likely intuited their location naturally due to practice. Guide my step and give me courage to walk the circle of my life with honesty and dignity. The famous garden was built in the east of Eden, and the main entrance faced the east. When you let go of old values, beliefs and attitudes, energy transforms and you adopt new values, beliefs and attitudes. We are life in action, loving, moving and growing. On the shamanic medicine wheel, north is considered to be night and a place of nothingness where we return to the Great Mystery which will be ignited in the East. The north represents purity, meditation and intuition - sometimes called "Soul Retrieval.". The teachings of the four directions start with the east, or yellow, quadrant and run clockwise around the circle. How you manifest energy is determined by your thoughts emotions and actions. And its here that we find the first instance of Amanitas connection to the story of Santa Clausthe mushroom growing under the Christmas Tree. Visualizing an inner light at the heart is a component of loving-kindness meditation, and the other Brahma Vihara practices of compassion, appreciative joy, and equanimity. Fire is a vital energy that brings consciousness to life. In times past it was believed that the human soul shared characteristics with all things divine. What is their significance? Topics: Aravah, Lulav, Hadas, Etrog, Four Kinds, Naanuim, Meditation. Ancient sages observed these patterns of nature and use them in symbolic terms to reflect the cycle of conscious awareness. South represents Summer and is a time of great abundance. Light dawns in the morning and spreads over the earth. Let me move through life ready to take what comes from the north. . When the four cardinal points is mentioned in mythology, there are hidden meanings. We ask for the strength to defend Mother Earth when she needs it, as any grown child should defend their mother. Over the last four years, a task force of meditation researchers and teachers met regularly to develop recommendations for expanding the current meditation research field to include these important yet often neglected topics. In many traditions, the four directions offer a deeper understanding of our place in the world. They are told the symbolic reason for this is because this is the part of the temple with the least light - light being code for knowledge thus the north-east symbolically representing ignorance. And similarly feeling the sense of lightness, buoyancy throughout this body. We have an innate fear of the unknown because we lack faith in ourselves. a quiet place to sit. Each direction embodies the qualities of various life cycles. In the old days, when we were a strong and happy people, all our power came to us from the sacred hoop of the nation, and so long as the hoop was unbroken, the people flourished. King Solomon, known for his wisdom, is associated with the heart chakra. We ask our Creator to be with us today. This item: SUNYIK Stone Pyramid Energy Generator, Healing Crystal Point Four Directions Decoration for Reiki Balancing Meditation, Tiger's Eye. In my opinion, this place of darkness and the north also relates to something that is hidden, or unseen. We still use light as a symbolic mechanism to represent ideas; think lightbulbs in a skull. We often dont consider ourselves to be of value or to be important, but we are. The first four directions are the four main directions of the compass: East, South, West and North. And when you know this, the cycles of existence portrayed by the four directions makes much more sense. psychedelic journeys over the thousands of years of its known use. Heal my body, heal my mind and bring light, joy and awareness to my spirit. When the energy goes a full cycle a transformation takes place and we have a "new beginning"; new idea, new attitude, new belief, new start in life. This is something I learned from Jamie Sams. The flowering tree was the living centre of the hoop and the circle of the four quarters nourished it. The north is therefore where the initial idea is generated and the rest of the cycle is how we nurture the desire to fruition. In the process of self-development, it is important to study how the subconscious mind works so we can identify weaknesses, attitudes and traits of character that no longer serve us. Tom Cowan is a shamanic practitioner specializing in Celtic visionary and healing techniques. The east is associated with the mind, with knowledge and learning and intellectual curiosity. I pray for the ones who are sick on drugs and alcohol and for those who are now homeless and forlorn. On the other side of the spirit veil, I spend more than a little bit of time researching the hallucinogens. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. In the third verse, God says, let there be light (fire). Hindu, Buddhist and Muslim traditions also, Sanskrit this practice is known as Pradakshina. Man did not create the web of life, he is but a strand in it. Just as the Snow falls in the Winter, so, too, do the hairs on our heads become white as we enter this sacred time. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You will expe A pack of 4 guided meditations to connect you to the four directions. It might be an interesting experience. Unitarian Universalist Association Physical attributes are reflected in the element of Earth. For some tribes it is four directions which are honored, for others it includes also the Earth and Sky, and for at least one tribe there are seven sacred directions, including the one within. For example, putting water in a chalice on the west side of the altar. When we enter the energy of the North, we may gain Wisdom. For me it has to do with the habit of being busy and right now in my life it is just thata habit. The summer holds fertility, passion, growth, joy, and peace. The Buffalo is associated with abundance, with protection, with shouldering responsibilities. The circle is the earth, the moon and the planets. In many traditions, the four directions offer a deeper understanding of our place in the world. 00:49:16 - In this meditation Colleen guides you through a Reiki journey and meditation to assist you in finding your path and next step in 2023. . Science reveals through the Universal Laws of Nature, that everything is in a constant state of flux (the law of impermanence) and everything vibrates at its own frequency (the law of vibration). Movement . This makes sense given we are told primitive men used to walk in clockwise circles from east to west via the south. With that in mind, it is clear to see that the west symbolically represents the point when thoughts and emotions enter the conscious mind from the subconscious mind. So remember this for later: the south relates to transformation. I invite you to try praying and meditating facing different directions. Description Description. It is direct communication with the subconscious mind - a major clue to the esoteric interpretation of the four cardinal points. Spirit Keeper of the North, White Buffalo, Be with me. The process of death and rebirth is distinctly evident in the symbolism of the four directions. Not only that, but whilst we sleep, the subconscious mind is hard at work. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Goal setting visualizing, conceptualizing, and developing mental strength capabilities. I can totally relate 2 this Native American "BIBLE" that has the wisdom of the Elders throughout! North: Earth, balance and wisdom. Evening comes before morning. The axiom also holds true when applied to mankind. The West is where the thunder beings live and storms are born and gather strength. Whatever energies you project from the unconscious (below), come to the surface (above). The Four Directions are honored in many indigenous cultures including the Celtic, Aboriginal, and Native American traditions. Rev. The direction of the East is associated with new beginnings. The elements and cardinal directions are most commonly represented on a basic altar. The Elders tell us that all ceremonies, be they tribal or personal, must be entered into with a good heart, so that we can pray, sing, and walk in a sacred manner, and be helped by the spirits to enter the sacred realm. . Enter the north and silence your thoughts. I knew all this at a mental level. What we think we become. Animals of the East are birds in flight such as the owl, hawk, and hummingbird. In truth, all four directions have a positive and a negative meaning. However, as you will be aware, it is what we do with knowledge that is the important factor. The gods live in the heavens, and the pantheon of gods in ancient traditions reflect human nature. Live on Zoom-Four Directions Chakra Meditation. Just remember, the west relates to the subconscious mind which produces life (from its waters). Whilst the four directions use the basic fundamentals of symbolism, they are not strictly nature per se. ~ Joseph Cardinal RatzingerThe Spirit of the Liturgy. In other words, the True Self which is not polluted by poor information stored in the personal unconscious. Creator, hear my prayer, and honor my prayer. We must always listen to our hearts, the tiny Elder within us who can never lie, and never mislead us. And the direction I naturally chose was west, looking out over the vast San Luis Valley. The. In the bible, east is repeatedly used as a symbolic tool in the creation story of Genesis. And that's the best place to start. We move now to the North. MEDITATION NAME: PLAY: DOWNLOAD: SOURCE * Net of Light \/ Book 1, pg 165 ** Claiming and Holding Sacred Space \/ Book 2, pg 259: The Pitcher and the Cup \/ Book 1, pg 167: Rose of the Heart Meditation \/ Book 1, pg 174: Circle of Stones \/ Book 2, pg 261 ** Fabric of Being Meditation \/ Book 1, pg 173: The esoteric symbolism within the four directions encompasses the relationship and the similarities between man and the Universe. Continuing around the circle, we arrive in the west. However that didnt feel right because my back would then to the rising sun. Chakras impact your emotional and psychological condition. Sold by aoneitem and ships from Amazon Fulfillment. However, Dr Joe has created an . Red beads were used to call forth the red spirit for strong love relations, to heal from illness, and to pray for longevity. The animal often associated with the South is the Lion or the Cougar, which often represents strength and courage and leadership. The animals representing the North include white buffalo, moose, and bear.
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